Which type of scaffolding provides assistance in performing tasks or activities?

Process scaffolding is the correct choice because it specifically involves providing support to learners in executing tasks or activities. This type of scaffolding focuses on guiding students through the steps of a process, helping them understand how to approach and complete specific tasks effectively. By breaking down the process into manageable parts and offering strategies or tools, teachers can enhance students' ability to engage with content and develop their skills in a structured way.

This approach is particularly beneficial for complex tasks, as it enables learners to build confidence and independence as they practice with the guidance provided. It emphasizes active participation and allows for gradual withdrawal of support as students gain proficiency. In contrast, content scaffolding primarily deals with the information or subject matter itself, metacognitive scaffolding encourages reflection on learning processes, and functional scaffolding involves supports that enhance the operational aspects of learning tasks but may not directly guide learners through specific activities.