What type of assessments are considered formative assessments?

Formative assessments are designed to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback that instructors can use to improve their teaching and help students enhance their understanding and skills. These assessments occur during the learning process rather than at the end of a unit or course, facilitating adjustments and responsive teaching. Examples include quizzes, one-on-one discussions, and peer reviews that give insights into students' comprehension and learning needs.

The focus on providing feedback and informing instruction distinguishes formative assessments from other types, such as summative assessments, which evaluate learning at the end of an instructional period. Summative assessments typically summarize what students have learned and are often used for grading purposes. Standardized tests and assessments meant solely for grading also fall under different categories, as they do not serve the purpose of ongoing feedback and adjustment in teaching strategies. Therefore, the choice that correctly identifies formative assessments is the one highlighting their role in providing continuous feedback throughout the learning process.